Trademark Wiki / 专业术语

• Partial Refusal — A partial refusal is CNIPA's handling of an application in which some designated
• Preliminary Approval Announcement — The preliminary approval announcement is published after CNIPA examines an appli
• Prior Rights — Prior rights are civil rights or interests lawfully enjoyed before the filing da
• The Refusal Notice — The refusal notice is the official document by which CNIPA informs the applicant
• Refusal Review — Refusal review is the statutory remedy after a trademark refusal: under Article
• Application Number and Registration Number — The application number is assigned once a trademark application is accepted; the
• Bad-Faith Trademark Applications — A bad-faith trademark application refers to filing trademark applications in bul
• Review of Cancellation Decisions — A review of cancellation is a remedy by which a party, dissatisfied with CNIPA's
• Certification Marks — A certification mark is controlled by an organization capable of supervision and
• Descriptive Signs — A descriptive sign merely directly indicates the quality, raw materials, functio
• Designated Goods — Designated goods (or services) are the goods or services recorded on the registr
• Distinctiveness — Distinctiveness is the characteristic that enables a sign to distinguish the sou
• The Exclusive Right to a Registered Trademark — The exclusive right to a registered trademark is the registrant's right of exclu
• Geographical Indications — A geographical indication identifies goods as originating from a specific region
• Identical Trademarks — An identical trademark is one that is visually virtually indistinguishable from
• Inherent Distinctiveness — Inherent distinctiveness is the ability of a sign itself, without recourse to us
• International Registration and the Central Attack — International registration takes effect in each designated country only after ex
• Invalidation on Absolute Grounds — Invalidation on absolute grounds targets registered trademarks that violate proh
• Invalidation on Relative Grounds — Invalidation on relative grounds applies where a registered trademark harms prio
• Likelihood of Confusion — Likelihood of confusion is the core standard in assessing trademark similarity:
• The Madrid System — The Madrid System, administered by WIPO under the Madrid Agreement and the Madri
• Multi-Class Applications — A multi-class application allows one application for the same trademark across m
• The Nice Classification — The Nice Classification is the international classification of goods and service
• Cancellation for Non-Use (Three Consecutive Years) — Cancellation for non-use ("san-san") allows any entity or individual to apply fo
• Opposition Defense — An opposition defense is the written response submitted by the opposed party to
• Similar Groups — A similar group is a grouping below the class level in the Classification of Sim
• Similar Trademarks — A similar trademark is one whose elements or overall structure resemble another
• Sound Marks — Sound marks became a statutory registrable element after the 2013 amendment; the
• Three-Dimensional Marks — A three-dimensional mark uses a three-dimensional shape to distinguish source an
• The TM Symbol — TM is an abbreviation of "trademark." Chinese law contains no provision on it; i
• Trademark Opposition — Trademark opposition is a procedure to oppose a preliminary approved and announc
• The Trademark Search Blind Period — The blind period is the retrieval window between the filing date of an applicati
• Trademark Squatting — Trademark squatting means knowingly or ought-to-knowingly registering ahead of t
• Use of a Trademark — Use of a trademark means applying the trademark to goods, packaging, transaction
• Well-Known Trademarks — A well-known trademark is one widely known to the relevant public in China; it i
• The Legal Definition of a Trademark — A trademark is a sign capable of distinguishing the source of goods or services.
• Generic Names — A generic name is a product name prescribed by national or industry standards or
• Defensive Trademarks — A defensive trademark refers to registering the same trademark on non-similar cl
• Acquired Distinctiveness — Acquired distinctiveness means a sign originally lacking distinctive features ha
• Collective Marks — A collective mark is registered in the name of a group, association, or other or
• Color Combination Marks — A color combination mark uses a combination of two or more colors as the sign; i
• Deceptive Signs — A deceptive sign is one that is deceptive and likely to mislead the public about
• Trademark Specimens (Representations) — A trademark specimen is the graphical presentation of the sign submitted with th
• Priority Rights — A priority right allows an applicant who files a trademark application in China
• Prohibited Signs — Prohibited signs are the situations listed in Article 10 of the Trademark Law un
• The ® Symbol — ® is the statutory registration symbol, which may only be used on approved regis
• Registered Trademarks — A registered trademark is one approved for registration, whose registrant enjoys
• Registration Announcement — The registration announcement is the stage at which CNIPA publishes an approved
• Similar Goods and Services — Similar goods and services are those sharing function, intended purpose, sales c
• Prior Use — Prior use refers to an unregistered trademark used before another party's filing